Name | 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone |
Synonyms | DDQ D.D.Q 2,3,5,6-Dichlorodicyanoquinone 1,2-Dichloro-4,5-Dicyanobenzoquinone 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-4-benzoquinone 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-Dicyano-1,4-Benzoquinon 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-para-benzoquinone 2,3-DICHLORO-5,6-DICYANO-P-BENZOQUINONE ( DDQ ) 2,3-DICHLORO-5,6-DICYANO-P-BENZOQUINONE ( DDQ ) 99 2-dicarbonitrile,4,5-dichloro-3,6-dioxo-4-cyclohexadiene-1 1,4-Cyclohexadiene-1,2-dicarbonitrile, 4,5-dichloro-3,6-dioxo- |
CAS | 84-58-2 |
EINECS | 201-542-2 |
InChI | InChI=1/C8Cl2N2O2/c9-5-6(10)8(14)4(2-12)3(1-11)7(5)13 |
InChIKey | HZNVUJQVZSTENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | C8Cl2N2O2 |
Molar Mass | 227 |
Density | 1.7500 (estimate) |
Melting Point | 210-215°C (dec.)(lit.) |
Boling Point | 301.8±42.0 °C(Predicted) |
Flash Point | 136.3°C |
Water Solubility | reacts |
Solubility | Soluble in benzene, methanol, acetic acid and dioxane.Slightly soluble in chloroform,, dichloromethane. |
Vapor Presure | 0.00103mmHg at 25°C |
Appearance | Crystalline Powder or Crystals |
Color | Yellow to orange |
Merck | 14,3063 |
BRN | 747939 |
Storage Condition | Store below +30°C. |
Sensitive | Moisture Sensitive |
Refractive Index | 1.601 |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Melting Point 213-216°C water-soluble reactions |
Use | Used as a pharmaceutical intermediate, specifically as a steroid hormone compound dehydrogenation agent |
Hazard Symbols | T - Toxic |
Risk Codes | R25 - Toxic if swallowed R29 - Contact with water liberates toxic gas R41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes R37/38 - Irritating to respiratory system and skin. R20/21 - Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. R23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. |
Safety Description | S22 - Do not breathe dust. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S37 - Wear suitable gloves. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. |
UN IDs | UN 3439 6.1/PG 3 |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | GU4825000 |
FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 21 |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 29269095 |
Hazard Class | 6.1 |
Packing Group | II |
NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
Introduction | 2, 3-dichloro-5, 6-dicyanobenzoquinone (DDQ) is a bright yellow solid, melting Point 213~215 ℃, soluble in ethyl acetate and tetrahydrofuran, in dichloromethane, benzene, dioxane and acetic acid in moderate solubility. It is insoluble in water, but in the presence of water to explain the release of hydrogen cyanide, and therefore need to be stored in a dry state. |
Use | 2, 3-dichloro-5, 6-dicyanobenzoquinone, commonly abbreviated as DDQ, it is a strong oxidation reagent, which is widely used in the dehydrogenation of compounds, especially for steroid compounds. It has good selectivity and is an indispensable oxidation reagent in the steroid industry. With the deepening of the research, it is gradually found that DDQ shows a good application prospect in many organic reactions. For example, selective oxidation of alcohols, oxidation at the benzyl position of the aromatic ring, formation of carbon-carbon bonds, formation of carbon heterobonds, Cyclization Reactions, protection and deprotection, and the like. The oxidants of synthetic steroids are used in the production of family planning drugs such as chlordecone and trienolinone. It is an excellent dehydrogenation reagent, which is mainly used in the synthesis of steroid hormones and the synthesis of some advanced fragrances. for the efficient synthesis of 1 2-benzisoxazole compounds with Ph3P; Universal deprotection reagents for various compounds (such as thioacetals, acetals and ketals); electron transfer reagents for the synthesis of quinoline from imines and alkynes or alkenes used as pharmaceutical intermediates, specifically as dehydrogenation agents for steroid hormone compounds |
Application | DDQ is more and more widely used in organic reactions, and its application fields are also increasing. The development of new application fields, especially the oxidative coupling cyclization reaction, is the main development trend of DDQ in the application research of organic reactions. |
production method | 2, 3-dicyanohydroquinone and hydrochloric acid are mixed into a slurry, 70% nitric acid was slowly added at about 35 °c and the reaction was continued with stirring for 1H. After filtration, washing with carbon tetrachloride and drying, DDQ was obtained with a yield of 90%. |
category | toxic substances |
toxicity grade | highly toxic |
Acute toxicity | intraperitoneal-mouse LD50: 31 mg/kg; Intravenous-mouse LD50: 13 mg/kg |
flammability hazard characteristics | open flame flammability; High thermal decomposition evolution of nitrogen oxides and chloride gases |
storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying; With oxidant, food and chemical additives, separate storage of acids |
extinguishing agent | dry stone powder, carbon dioxide, sand. |